https://www.aarcentre.com/ojs3/index.php/jaash <p><strong>FOCUS AND SCOPE</strong></p> <p>Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities (E-ISSN: 2413-2748) is a double-blind, peer -reviewed journal. 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None of the material should be covered by any copyright; if copyrighted material exceeding approximately 100 words from a journal article or approximately 500 words from a book is used, the author has obtained written permission for its use. Further, this work should not infringe any intellectual property rights/secrecy laws of any person/organization/government/public or private agency, nor should it contain any defamatory matter.</p> <p>This journal does not bear any responsibility for verifying copyright permissions provided by the author. Any breach of copyright laws will result in retraction of the published article/material <strong>as well as reporting to relevant authorities at the authors' institutions.</strong></p> <p><strong>DISCLAIMER</strong></p> <p>Opinions expressed in articles and creative pieces published in this Journal are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the editors, the editorial board or the publisher.</p> ASIAN AND AFRICAN RESEARCH CENTRE en-US Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities 2413-2748 <p style="display: block; text-align: justify;">Copyrights for articles published in Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities are retained by the authors, with first publication rights granted to the journal. The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.</p><p>Articles published in Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities are published under the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license</a>, which permits others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work as long as they credit you for the original creation.</p><p> </p> https://www.aarcentre.com/ojs3/index.php/jaash/article/view/372 <p>China’s economic engagement gradually increased in Bangladesh. China is the largest trading partner and a vital player in several projects in the country. Therefore, the study of China-Bangladesh relations has appeared with mounting significance. China is using economic soft power under the framework of its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI); while this economic connectivity provided ample advantages for both China and Bangladesh, some growing concerns appeared for Bangladesh that meet a challenge for future collaboration. This study, therefore, investigates the economic soft power of Bangladesh, how much China achieved from its economic engagement in Bangladesh, and what challenges appeared in China-Bangladesh relations, particularly what Bangladesh faces for this engagement. Following a mixed quantitative and qualitative method, this study relies on primary and secondary sources, including published books and articles, recent data and statistics, national and international institutions, expert opinions, and national and international diaries. The study finds that China invests heavily in Bangladesh in several areas, including trade, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), connectivity, and infrastructural development. China also provided duty-free access to its market in Bangladesh at 98% for some of its products. However, this massive investment and engagement created a fear of economic autonomy, debt trap, political manipulation, and geopolitical pressure for Bangladesh. This study recommends essential steps for Bangladesh to adopt, such as accelerating domestic production, collaborative initiatives, and product source diversification. The findings will contribute to the academic and policy-making processes for stakeholders and governments in both countries.&nbsp;</p> Mohammad Shamsul Alom Md. Khaled Hosen Elfatih Abdullah Abdus Salam Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammad Shamsul Alom, Md. Khaled Hosen, Elfatih Abdullah Abdus Salam http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-03-31 2025-03-31 11 1 1 19 10.55327/jaash.v11i1.372 https://www.aarcentre.com/ojs3/index.php/jaash/article/view/359 <p>The study sought to determine the effect of Chief Executive Officer Characteristics (Chief Executive Officer financial expertise, Chief Executive Officer Share ownership, Chief Executive Officer Nationality and Chief Executive Officer Tenure) on earnings quality of manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Four alternative hypotheses were developed revolving around Chief Executive Officer financial expertise, Chief Executive Officer Share ownership, Chief Executive Officer Nationality and Chief Executive Officer Tenure all in relation to earnings quality of manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The agency and the stewardship theory provided anchorage to the study variables. Quantitative research design was adopted targeting 38 manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange and census was used. Secondary data was gathered from annual reports of the Nigerian Stock Exchange and the respective over the period 2012 – 2019. Panel data methodologies were adopted during analysis supported by STATA version 15 and the findings presented through tables. The findings were that only Chief Executive Officer financial expertise and Chief Executive Officer Nationality had negative but significant effect on earnings quality of manufacturing firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The study concludes that Chief Executive Officers do not matter in the Nigeria capital market listed companies.</p> Abdikarin Ahmed Abdi Copyright (c) 2025 Abdikarin Ahmed Abdi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-03-31 2025-03-31 11 1 20 43 10.55327/jaash.v11i1.359 https://www.aarcentre.com/ojs3/index.php/jaash/article/view/364 <p>This research has investigated the positive and negative impacts of forced migration on the hosting communities of Sherkole refugee camp area. The influx of huge number of refugees may put pressure on local people where both communities were competing with scarce resources. This study therefore aimed at investigating the socio-economic and the socio-cultural impacts of refugees on both communities of the study area. This study employed the qualitative research approach and used a purposive sampling technique for collecting data from participants. Hence, sources were gathered by interviews key informants and focus group discussions from the host communities were analyzed qualitatively. In addition to the primary sources, secondary sources were used to consolidate information that has been gathered through interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings indicated that the presence of refugees has both positive and negative impacts. The major positive findings were the socio-economic impacts like new job opportunities, small business activity, and availability of markets for local farmers around the refugee camp. Besides, along with refugees some professional persons arrived and provided social services for both receiving and refugee communities. On the other hand, as findings revealed that the socio-cultural impacts were regarded as negative impacts of refugees such as, conflict, insecurity, expansion of prostitution, rapping local girls, fighting each other to mention a few. Generally, as the results revealed both negative and positive impacts are witnessed. Finally, based on the findings, the researcher recommended: host community development, launching awareness creation project, positive intervention and improve social interaction.</p> Endale Mulatu Lambebo Copyright (c) 2025 Endale Mulatu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-03-31 2025-03-31 11 1 44 59 10.55327/jaash.v11i1.364 https://www.aarcentre.com/ojs3/index.php/jaash/article/view/367 <p>The study is based on addressing the factors affecting secondary school education as part of the Free Quality Education initiative in Sierra Leone. The objectives of the study were to ascertain teacher qualification and experience and school –based factors in relation to education in secondary schools. The study employed a survey design and a qualitative research strategy. The findings revealed that teacher qualification and experience affected learning. In addition, school based factors such as overcrowded classrooms, high student-teacher ratio, poor library and laboratory facilities also affected education and learning outcomes. Accordingly, the study suggested initiatives could be designed to enable professional development opportunities and foster a culture of collaboration and innovation for teachers. Also, provision of adequate and relevant teaching and learning materials would contribute towards ameliorating the problems in secondary school education</p> Abubakarr Lamin Copyright (c) 2025 Abubakarr Lamin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-03-31 2025-03-31 11 1 60 71 10.55327/jaash.v11i1.367 https://www.aarcentre.com/ojs3/index.php/jaash/article/view/370 <p>This research aims to develop a community empowerment model designed to mitigate instances of Child Sexual Abuse in Zimbabwe. There is substantial evidence indicating that child sexual abuse constitutes a significant global public health concern. Effective interventions must encompass strategies that prevent individuals from engaging in the sexual abuse of children or from accessing online materials depicting such abuse. To facilitate sustainable prevention, it is essential for program developers first to identify child sexual abuse perpetrators, understand the underlying causes and effects, assess existing legal responses across various societal levels, and categorize the different forms of child sexual abuse. Most contemporary international frameworks primarily focus on criminal justice measures intended to deter future offences rather than addressing the prevention of initial acts of abuse. Additionally, there is a notable scarcity of relevant research and few indications that countries are adopting cohesive, evidence-based policies aimed at preventing potential offenders from becoming actual perpetrators of child sexual abuse. Previous interventions have largely emphasized tertiary prevention. By adopting an integrated public health approach, a range of primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive measures can be incorporated into comprehensive prevention programs at local, national, or global levels. A holistic prevention strategy is essential, one that seeks to avert offenses from occurring in the first place while recognizing the complexity and diversity inherent in child sexual abuse perpetration.</p> David Nyamurera JEFFREY KUREBWA Chamunogwa Nyoni Copyright (c) 2025 David Nyamurera, JEFFREY KUREBWA, Chamunogwa Nyoni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2025-04-02 2025-04-02 11 1 72 84 10.55327/jaash.v11i1.370