ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE IN BANGLADESH: LEGAL CHALLENGES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming legal systems across the world by improving judicial efficiency, enhancing case management, supporting legal research, and facilitating access to justice. Many jurisdictions have introduced AI-assisted technologies to reduce case backlogs, improve administrative functions, and increase the efficiency of court services. While AI has the potential to strengthen judicial administration, its integration into the justice system also raises significant legal, ethical, and constitutional concerns relating to transparency, accountability, algorithmic bias, data protection, and judicial independence. In Bangladesh, the judiciary has made considerable progress in digitalizing court services through initiatives such as virtual courts, e-filing, and digital case management systems. However, the application of AI in judicial administration remains at a preliminary stage, and the country currently lacks a comprehensive legal framework governing the responsible use of AI within the justice sector. This regulatory gap creates uncertainty regarding the protection of fundamental rights, due process, and judicial accountability.

This article critically examines the prospects and challenges of integrating Artificial Intelligence into the administration of justice in Bangladesh. It analyzes the existing constitutional and legal framework, evaluates international developments concerning AI governance, and explores the legal and institutional reforms necessary to ensure that AI serves as a tool to support, rather than replace, judicial decision-making. The article argues that a transparent, accountable, and human-centred regulatory framework is essential for promoting innovation while preserving judicial independence, the rule of law, and public confidence in the justice system.